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Environmental Indicators

List of environmental and related socio-economic indicators

UNSD developed a list of environmental indicators in collaboration with the Inter-governmental Working Group on the Advancement of Environment Statistics. The fourth meeting of the Working Group (Stockholm, 6 - 10 February 1995) agreed on the List of environmental and related socioeconomic indicators below. The Statistical Commission, at its twenty-eighth session (New York, 27 February - 3 March 1995), approved this list for international compilation by UNSD. The indicators that are bolded in the list were intended for short-term compilation directly from national statistical services or from other international organizations or specialized agencies.

Agenda 21 Issues(clusters) FDES Information categories
A.
Socioeconomic activities, events
B.
Impacts and effects
C.
Responses to impacts
D.
Inventories, stocks, background conditions

ECONOMIC ISSUES

Real GDP per capita growth rate

Production and consumption patterns

Investment share in GDP

EDP/EVA per capita

Capital accumulation (environmentally adjusted)

Environmental protection expenditure as % of GDP

Environmental taxes and subsidies as % of government revenue

Produced capital stock

SOCIAL/DEMO-
GRAPHIC ISSUES

Population growth rate

Population density

Urban/rural migration rate

Calorie supply per capita

% of urban population exposed to concentrations of SO2, particulates, ozone, CO and Pb

Infant mortality rate

Incidence of environmentally related diseases

 

Population living in absolute poverty

Adult literacy rate

Combined primary and secondary school enrollment ratio

Life expectancy at birth

Females per 100 males in secondary school

AIR/CLIMATE

Emissions of CO2, SO2 and NOx

Consumption of ozone depleting substances

Ambient concentrations of CO, SO2, NOx O3 and TSP in urban areas

Air quality index

Expenditure on air pollution abatement

Reduction in consumption of substances and emissions

Weather and climate conditions

LAND/SOIL

Land use
change

Livestock per km2 of arid and semi-arid lands

Use of fertilizers

Use of agricultural pesticides

Area affected by soil erosion

Land affected by desertification

Area affected by salinization and water logging

Protected area as % of total land area

Arable land per capita

WATER
Fresh water resources
























Marine water resources


Industrial, agricultural and municipal discharges directly into freshwater bodies

Annual withdrawals of ground and surface water

Domestic consumption of water per capita

Industrial, agricultural water use per GDP







Industrial, agricultural and municipal discharges directly into marine water bodies

Discharges of oil into coastal waters


Concentration of lead, cadmium, mercury and pesticides in fresh water bodies

Concentration of fecal coliform in fresh water
bodies

Acidification of fresh water
bodies

BOD and COD in fresh water
bodies

Water quality index by fresh water bodies

Deviation in stock from maximum sustainable yield of marine species

Loading of N and P in coastal waters


Waste water treatment, total and by type of treatment (% of population served)

Access to safe drinking water (% of population
served)


Groundwater reserves

OTHER NATURAL RESOURCES

Biological resources









Mineral (incl. energy) resources





Annual roundwood production

Fuelwood consumption per capita

Catches of marine species

Annual energy consumption per capita

Extraction of other mineral
resources

 



Deforestation
rate

Threatened, extinct species





Depletion of mineral resources (% of proven reserves)

Lifetime of proven reserves





Reforestation
rate

Protected forest area as % of total land area





Forest inventory

Ecosystems inventory

Fauna and flora inventory

Fish stocks


Proven mineral
reserves


Proven energy
reserves

WASTE

Municipal waste disposal

Generation of hazardous waste

Imports and exports of hazardous
wastes

Area of land contaminated by toxic waste

Expenditure on waste collection and treatment

Waste recycling

HUMAN SETTLEMENTS

Rate of growth of urban
population

% of population in urban areas

Motor vehicles in use per 1000 habitants

Area and population in marginal settlements

Shelter index

% of population with sanitary services

Expenditure on low-cost housing

Stock of shelter and infrastructure

NATURAL DISASTERS

Frequency of natural
disasters

Cost and number of injuries and fatalities related to natural disasters

Expenditure on disaster prevention and mitigation

Human settlements vulnerable to natural disasters

United Nations Statistics Division - Environment Statistics - List of environmental and related socio-economic indicators