Mining and quarrying are used here in a broad sense encompassing extraction of minerals occuring naturally as solids, such as coal and ores, liquids, such as crude petroleum, or gases, such as natural gas. Underground or surface mining, well operation, and all supplemental activities aimed at preparing the crude materials for marketing, done generally near or at the mine site, such as milling, dressing and beneficiating, are classified here.

Mining activities are classified into divisions, groups and classes on the basis of the principal mineral produced.

Exclusions: Bottling of natural spring and mineral waters at springs and wells is classified in class 1554 (Manufacture of soft drinks; production of mineral waters).

Crushing, grinding or otherwise treating certain earths, rocks, and minerals not carried on in conjunction with mining and quarrying is included in class 2699 (Manufacture of other non-metallic mineral products n.e.c.).

Collection, purification and distribution of water are classified in class 4100.

Mineral prospecting is classified in class 7421 (Architectural and engineering activities and related technical consultancy).