Somewhat different imputation techniques are often required for households with total non-response compared to those with partial non-response. Also, sampled households that received a long questionnaire with additional questions should be processed carefully to avoid biasing estimates based on these samples.

The above issues will be illustrated by describing the techniques used in the 2006 Canadian Census of Population to carry out E&I.

Paper presented at the Satellite Meeting on Innovative Methodologies for Censuses in the New Millennium of the 56th Session of the ISI, Lisboa, 31 August - 2 September 2007.